Quadricuspid aortic valve: a rare congenital heart anomaly

    Authors

    Keywords

    aortic valve, congenital heart defect, aortic regurgitation, echocardiography, treatment

    DOI

    https://doi.org/10.15836/ccar2022.238

    Full Text

    **Aim**: To present accidental detection of quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV), a rare congenital heart anomaly with an incidence of 0.01–0.04%. **Case presentation**: 49-years-old patient came for an examination due to tachycardia and palpitations during physical exertion. Transthoracic echocardiography verified the regular dimensions of the left and right heart cavities, with preserved systolic function of the left ventricle, and mild mitral and tricuspid regurgitation. The existence of QAV was suspected, while moderate aortic regurgitation was verified (pressure half-time 390 ms, vena contracta 5 mm, jet covered 40% left ventricular outflow tract, regurgitant volume 35 mL, regurgitant fraction 36%, effective regurgitant orifice area 0.16 cm2). Transesophageal echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis of QAV (**Figure 1**). FIGURE 1. **A quadricuspid aortic valve with moderate aortic regurgitation.** **Conclusion**: In QAV, diagnosis, as well as monitoring of aortic regurgitation, are of essential importance because of timely surgical treatment (1, 2).

    Literature

    1. Saith S, Saith S, Murthy A. Quadricuspid Aortic Valve: An Introduction for Clinicians. Cardiol Res. 2022 February;13(1):2–10. https://doi.org/10.14740/cr1308
    2. Piracha UG, Kowlgi GN, Paulsen W, Mojadidi MK, Patel N. Quadricuspid aortic valve: a case report and review of literature. Future Cardiol. 2021 August;17(5):833–40. https://doi.org/10.2217/fca-2020-0135
    Cardiologia Croatica
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    Quadricuspid aortic valve: a rare congenital heart anomaly

    Extended Abstract
    Issue9-10
    Published
    Pages238
    PDF via DOIhttps://doi.org/10.15836/ccar2022.238
    aortic valve
    congenital heart defect
    aortic regurgitation
    echocardiography
    treatment

    Authors

    Denis Mačkić*ORCIDGeneral Hospital “Prim.dr. Abdulah Nakaš”, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Edin BegićORCIDGeneral Hospital “Prim.dr. Abdulah Nakaš”, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Faruk ČustovićORCIDGeneral Hospital “Prim.dr. Abdulah Nakaš”, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Salko IsakovićORCIDGeneral Hospital “Prim.dr. Abdulah Nakaš”, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

    *Correspondence email: denismackic@hotmail.com

    Full Text

    Aim: To present accidental detection of quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV), a rare congenital heart anomaly with an incidence of 0.01–0.04%.

    Case presentation: 49-years-old patient came for an examination due to tachycardia and palpitations during physical exertion. Transthoracic echocardiography verified the regular dimensions of the left and right heart cavities, with preserved systolic function of the left ventricle, and mild mitral and tricuspid regurgitation. The existence of QAV was suspected, while moderate aortic regurgitation was verified (pressure half-time 390 ms, vena contracta 5 mm, jet covered 40% left ventricular outflow tract, regurgitant volume 35 mL, regurgitant fraction 36%, effective regurgitant orifice area 0.16 cm2). Transesophageal echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis of QAV (Figure 1).

    FIGURE 1. A quadricuspid aortic valve with moderate aortic regurgitation.

    Conclusion: In QAV, diagnosis, as well as monitoring of aortic regurgitation, are of essential importance because of timely surgical treatment (1, 2).

    Literature

    1. 1.
      Saith S, Saith S, Murthy A. Quadricuspid Aortic Valve: An Introduction for Clinicians. Cardiol Res. 2022 February;13(1):2–10.DOI
    2. 2.
      Piracha UG, Kowlgi GN, Paulsen W, Mojadidi MK, Patel N. Quadricuspid aortic valve: a case report and review of literature. Future Cardiol. 2021 August;17(5):833–40.DOI