Authors
- Ana Marija Slišković — University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia — ORCID: 0000-0001-6622-7572
- Mislav Puljević — University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia — ORCID: 0000-0003-1477-2581
- Ana Šutalo — University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia — ORCID: 0000-0002-7644-6362
- Ante Bosnić — University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia — ORCID: 0000-0003-4019-3874
- Ljiljana Banfić — University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia — ORCID: 0000-0002-4538-8980
- Majda Vrkić Kirhmajer — University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia — ORCID: 0000-0002-1340-1917
Keywords
venous thromboembolism, non COVID-19 patients, SARS-CoV-2 outbreak
DOI
https://doi.org/10.15836/ccar2021.71Full Text
Background : In March 2020 formally declared pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused a global impact on public health. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) encompassing pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is frequently observed in patients with COVID-19 ( 1 ), while the pandemic influence on non COVID-19 VTE prevalence remains unknown. Previous meta -analysis supported an association between regular physical activity and lower risk of VTE when compared with a sedentary or less active lifestyle ( 2 ). Aim: to investigate the influence of pandemic circumstances on the prevalence of non COVID-19 patients hospitalized due to VTE. Patients and Methods : Single centre retrospective analysis of consecutive non COVID-19 patients admitted for VTE was performed. We compared demographic characteristics and diagnostics findings in patients hospitalized for VTE between 1st of March and 31st of October 2019 and non COVID-19 VTE patients hospitalized between the same period in 2020. All patients underwent laboratory tests, venous ultrasonography of the lower limbs and/or CT pulmonary angiography and had negative swab test for SARS-CoV2 at admission. One patient had previously recovered from COVID-19. Results : During the period of 8 months 70 VTE patients (female 48%, mean age 60.8 ± 17.2 years) were admitted in 2019, while 86 non COVID-19 VTE patients (female 50%, mean age 68.5± 16.8 years) were admitted in 2020. There was no significant difference in prevalence of VTE hospitalization (4.1% vs 5.4%, p=0.106), but patients in 2020 were significantly older (p=0.002). Dividing the VTE cases into isolated PE, isolated DVT and combined DVT+PE we found a significant increase in prevalence of DVT+PE during pandemic (34 vs 36, p=0.23; 23 vs 25, p=0.24 and 13 vs 25, p=0.03, respectively). Conclusion : During COVID 19 pandemic we observed significant increase in prevalence of hospitalized non COVID-19 patients with combined DVT+ PE but not with isolated PE or isolated DVT. Possible explanation could be a less active lifestyle due to pandemic social restriction recommendation and delaying treatment for initial DVT.