Overview of endocarditis epidemiology and management during a 7-year period – single centre experience

    Authors

    Keywords

    infective endocarditis, epidemiology, COVID-19

    DOI

    https://doi.org/10.15836/ccar2022.212

    Full Text

    Infective endocarditis is a rare but clinically underappreciated condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. We present data from 30 cases of endocarditis diagnosed and treated in our hospital during 7 years period, including COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Demographic and clinical data were collected, including microbiological isolates, number of affected valves, perivalvular, embolic, and immunological complications, surgical outcome and mortality. Most patients were male, average age was 62 years and Enterococcus was the most frequently isolated pathogen. 17/30 patients were operated, most of them urgently due to valvular dysfunction, uncontrolled infection and/or systemic embolization. In-hospital mortality of 30% was directly associated with severity of infection and necessity for emergency and urgent surgery. Unexpected rise of incidence occurred in 2021 with 11 identified cases. We assume possible rebound effect of postponed diagnosis after COVID-19 pandemic lockdown due to restricted access to all levels of health care. Our data generally reflect literary data on incidence and prognosis of endocarditis with additional peak in incidence during 2021 and more severe clinical presentation (1-3).

    Literature

    1. Habib G, Lancellotti P, Antunes MJ, Bongiorni MG, Casalta JP, Del Zotti F, et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis: The Task Force for the Management of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM). Eur Heart J. 2015 November 21;36(44):3075–128. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehv319
    2. Rajani R, Klein JL. Infective endocarditis: A contemporary update. Clin Med (Lond). 2020 January;20(1):31–5. https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmed.cme.20.1.1
    3. George A, Alampoondi Venkataramanan SV, John KJ, Mishra AK. Infective endocarditis and COVID -19 coinfection: An updated review. Acta Biomed. 2022 March 14;93(1):e2022030. https://doi.org/10.23750/abm.v93i1.10982
    Cardiologia Croatica
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    Overview of endocarditis epidemiology and management during a 7-year period – single centre experience

    Extended Abstract
    Issue9-10
    Published
    Pages212
    PDF via DOIhttps://doi.org/10.15836/ccar2022.212
    infective endocarditis
    epidemiology
    COVID-19

    Authors

    Siniša Roginić*ORCIDZabok General Hospital and the Croatian Veterans Hospital, Zabok, Croatia
    Martina RoginićORCIDZabok General Hospital and the Croatian Veterans Hospital, Zabok, Croatia
    Tereza KnaflecORCIDZabok General Hospital and the Croatian Veterans Hospital, Zabok, Croatia
    Nikolina Mijač MikačićORCIDZabok General Hospital and the Croatian Veterans Hospital, Zabok, Croatia
    Marija ČajkoORCIDZabok General Hospital and the Croatian Veterans Hospital, Zabok, Croatia
    Domagoj FutivićORCIDZabok General Hospital and the Croatian Veterans Hospital, Zabok, Croatia

    *Correspondence email: sinisa.roginic@gmail.com

    Full Text

    Infective endocarditis is a rare but clinically underappreciated condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. We present data from 30 cases of endocarditis diagnosed and treated in our hospital during 7 years period, including COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Demographic and clinical data were collected, including microbiological isolates, number of affected valves, perivalvular, embolic, and immunological complications, surgical outcome and mortality. Most patients were male, average age was 62 years and Enterococcus was the most frequently isolated pathogen. 17/30 patients were operated, most of them urgently due to valvular dysfunction, uncontrolled infection and/or systemic embolization. In-hospital mortality of 30% was directly associated with severity of infection and necessity for emergency and urgent surgery. Unexpected rise of incidence occurred in 2021 with 11 identified cases. We assume possible rebound effect of postponed diagnosis after COVID-19 pandemic lockdown due to restricted access to all levels of health care. Our data generally reflect literary data on incidence and prognosis of endocarditis with additional peak in incidence during 2021 and more severe clinical presentation (1–3).

    Literature

    1. 1.
      Habib G, Lancellotti P, Antunes MJ, Bongiorni MG, Casalta JP, Del Zotti F, et al. 2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of infective endocarditis: The Task Force for the Management of Infective Endocarditis of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Endorsed by: European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS), the European Association of Nuclear Medicine (EANM). Eur Heart J. 2015 November 21;36(44):3075–128.DOI
    2. 2.
      Rajani R, Klein JL. Infective endocarditis: A contemporary update. Clin Med (Lond). 2020 January;20(1):31–5.DOI
    3. 3.
      George A, Alampoondi Venkataramanan SV, John KJ, Mishra AK. Infective endocarditis and COVID -19 coinfection: An updated review. Acta Biomed. 2022 March 14;93(1):e2022030.DOI