How not to approach coronary bifurcation

    Authors

    Keywords

    bifurcational, stenting, percutaneous coronary intervention

    DOI

    https://doi.org/10.15836/ccar2018.389

    Full Text

    Background: Almost all described and well established bifurcational stenting techniques need to be performed with 6F coronary guide catheters at least. ( 1 ) Methods: 62-years-old female patient was admitted in our hospital for elective coronary angiography due to effort angina and positive coronary stress test. Due to radial artery spasm, 5F diagnostic catheters were used to perform the coronary angiogram and it revealed Medina 0,0,1 bifurcational lesion of left anterior descending artery/diagonal branch 1 (LAD/Dg1). There was no significant stenosis on right coronary artery (RCA). We approached percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the ostium of Dg1 using 5F extra-backup (EBU) 3.5 guide catheter (GC) and Ballance Middle Weight (BMW) guidewire in the Dg1, while LAD wasn’t wired. Predilatation was made with 2.0x20 mm semi-compliant (SC) balloon catheter and 2.25x18 mm Drug-eluting stent (DES) was deployed covering the ostium of the Dg1 and 2 mm proximal to the LAD. Control angiography showed significant residual stenosis of the distal part of the main branch (LAD) due to plaque and carina shift. We successfully exchanged 5F EBU 3.5 with 6F EBU 3.5 guide catheter after the intra-arterial application of nitroglycerin in the radial artery and continued PCI using modified mini-crush bifurcational technique. Main branch was wired and side branch stent was crushed with 2.75x15 mm SC balloon catheter. After side branch wire removal, 3.0x20 DES was deployed in LAD and side branch was rewired. Final kissing balloon inflation with 2.75x15 mm and 2.25x15 mm noncompliant (NC) balloons was performed in the end. Results: After compromising the main branch vessel with the side branch stent deployment, we promptly changed our previously intended one-stent strategy to two-stent strategy using modified mini-crush technique, which was facilitated with guiding catheter exchange from 5F to 6F GC and wiring the both vessels. Changing the plan during the procedure resulted in prolonged procedural time (additional 18 min), increased total radiation dose and amount of the contrast media used (70 ml more). The procedure underwent without serious complications with satisfactory final result, utilizing mini-crush technique without residual stenosis of both vessels. Conclusion: Mandatory strategy planning and appropriate materials selection before approaching any bifurcational coronary lesion are the essence of every safely-performed and efficient PCI.

    Cardiologia Croatica
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    How not to approach coronary bifurcation

    Extended Abstract
    Issue11-12
    Published
    Pages389
    PDF via DOIhttps://doi.org/10.15836/ccar2018.389
    bifurcational
    stenting
    percutaneous coronary intervention

    Authors

    Nikola Bakracheski*Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ohrid, Macedonia
    Elena KovacheskaInstitute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ohrid, Macedonia
    Dejan MancheskiInstitute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ohrid, Macedonia
    Deni RazmoskiInstitute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ohrid, Macedonia
    Jasmina SpaseskaInstitute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Ohrid, Macedonia

    Full Text

    Background: Almost all described and well established bifurcational stenting techniques need to be performed with 6F coronary guide catheters at least. ( 1 ) Methods: 62-years-old female patient was admitted in our hospital for elective coronary angiography due to effort angina and positive coronary stress test. Due to radial artery spasm, 5F diagnostic catheters were used to perform the coronary angiogram and it revealed Medina 0,0,1 bifurcational lesion of left anterior descending artery/diagonal branch 1 (LAD/Dg1). There was no significant stenosis on right coronary artery (RCA). We approached percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of the ostium of Dg1 using 5F extra-backup (EBU) 3.5 guide catheter (GC) and Ballance Middle Weight (BMW) guidewire in the Dg1, while LAD wasn’t wired. Predilatation was made with 2.0x20 mm semi-compliant (SC) balloon catheter and 2.25x18 mm Drug-eluting stent (DES) was deployed covering the ostium of the Dg1 and 2 mm proximal to the LAD. Control angiography showed significant residual stenosis of the distal part of the main branch (LAD) due to plaque and carina shift. We successfully exchanged 5F EBU 3.5 with 6F EBU 3.5 guide catheter after the intra-arterial application of nitroglycerin in the radial artery and continued PCI using modified mini-crush bifurcational technique. Main branch was wired and side branch stent was crushed with 2.75x15 mm SC balloon catheter. After side branch wire removal, 3.0x20 DES was deployed in LAD and side branch was rewired. Final kissing balloon inflation with 2.75x15 mm and 2.25x15 mm noncompliant (NC) balloons was performed in the end. Results: After compromising the main branch vessel with the side branch stent deployment, we promptly changed our previously intended one-stent strategy to two-stent strategy using modified mini-crush technique, which was facilitated with guiding catheter exchange from 5F to 6F GC and wiring the both vessels. Changing the plan during the procedure resulted in prolonged procedural time (additional 18 min), increased total radiation dose and amount of the contrast media used (70 ml more). The procedure underwent without serious complications with satisfactory final result, utilizing mini-crush technique without residual stenosis of both vessels. Conclusion: Mandatory strategy planning and appropriate materials selection before approaching any bifurcational coronary lesion are the essence of every safely-performed and efficient PCI.