Estradiol impact on hypertension profile in obese patients

    Authors

    Keywords

    estradiol, prehypertension, obesity, hypertension

    DOI

    https://doi.org/10.15836/ccar2019.234

    Full Text

    Introduction : Obesity is a well-known risk factor for developing hypertension. Prehypertensive patients (with an average 24h monitored blood pressure between 120/85 and 139/89mmHg) rarely get physician’s attention despite their differences from non-hypertensive patients. ( 1 , 2 ) Patients and Methods : We enrolled 42 obese female patients (age range from 26 to 69 years) from a multidisciplinary weight management program (BMI range 30 to 49.9 kg/m 2 ). Firstly, because of estradiol levels, patients were divided into two groups, younger than 50 years (A) and older (B). Due to the average values of patient’s ambulatory monitored blood pressure, patients were additionally put into three groups (1 = below 120/85mmHg, 2 = between 120/85 to 139/89mmHg 3 = above 140/90mmHg). Systolic dipping profile, estradiol levels, and average nocturnal heart rate were also checked. Results : Prehypertensive obese patients older than 50 years (B) had higher nocturnal heart rate (58.50 vs. 70.25/min; p<0.05). Even though differences were found in younger patients, they were not statistically significant. Systolic dipping profile was different and age-dependent (Non-dippers A: 44.00%; B 82.35%; p=0.02). The number of non-dippers in the younger group was highest in group 2 (66% vs. 20% in group 1; p=0.03) while there were no differences in the older group. The prehypertensive group had very similar results to hypertensive patients. Estradiol levels ( Figure 1 ) were age independently lower in non-dippers (A: 185.5 vs. 201.07, NS; B: 71.9 vs. 87.0, NS) and also in hypertensive patients (A: 111.0 vs 192.6 pmol/L, p=0.21; B: 59.0 vs. 98.0 pmol/L). Estradiol concentration in three groups of patients depending on ambulatory monitored blood pressure. Conclusion : Our results showed that estradiol levels seem to be protective in terms of blood pressure stability, systolic dipping profile and nocturnal heart rate probably due to its impact on autonomic nerve system functionality. Because of a small number of patients further investigation is needed to prove the statistical significance of this statement.

    Cardiologia Croatica
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    Estradiol impact on hypertension profile in obese patients

    Extended Abstract
    Issue9-10
    Published
    Pages234
    PDF via DOIhttps://doi.org/10.15836/ccar2019.234
    estradiol
    prehypertension
    obesity
    hypertension

    Authors

    Juraj Jug*ORCIDUniversity of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
    Rea LevickiORCIDCroatia
    Ines VinkovićORCIDUniversity of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
    Filip MustačORCIDUniversity of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
    Martina MatovinovićORCIDUniversity Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
    Lada BradićORCIDUniversity Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
    Martina Lovrić BenčićORCIDUniversity Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

    Full Text

    Introduction : Obesity is a well-known risk factor for developing hypertension. Prehypertensive patients (with an average 24h monitored blood pressure between 120/85 and 139/89mmHg) rarely get physician’s attention despite their differences from non-hypertensive patients. ( 1 , 2 ) Patients and Methods : We enrolled 42 obese female patients (age range from 26 to 69 years) from a multidisciplinary weight management program (BMI range 30 to 49.9 kg/m 2 ). Firstly, because of estradiol levels, patients were divided into two groups, younger than 50 years (A) and older (B). Due to the average values of patient’s ambulatory monitored blood pressure, patients were additionally put into three groups (1 = below 120/85mmHg, 2 = between 120/85 to 139/89mmHg 3 = above 140/90mmHg). Systolic dipping profile, estradiol levels, and average nocturnal heart rate were also checked. Results : Prehypertensive obese patients older than 50 years (B) had higher nocturnal heart rate (58.50 vs. 70.25/min; p<0.05). Even though differences were found in younger patients, they were not statistically significant. Systolic dipping profile was different and age-dependent (Non-dippers A: 44.00%; B 82.35%; p=0.02). The number of non-dippers in the younger group was highest in group 2 (66% vs. 20% in group 1; p=0.03) while there were no differences in the older group. The prehypertensive group had very similar results to hypertensive patients. Estradiol levels ( Figure 1 ) were age independently lower in non-dippers (A: 185.5 vs. 201.07, NS; B: 71.9 vs. 87.0, NS) and also in hypertensive patients (A: 111.0 vs 192.6 pmol/L, p=0.21; B: 59.0 vs. 98.0 pmol/L). Estradiol concentration in three groups of patients depending on ambulatory monitored blood pressure. Conclusion : Our results showed that estradiol levels seem to be protective in terms of blood pressure stability, systolic dipping profile and nocturnal heart rate probably due to its impact on autonomic nerve system functionality. Because of a small number of patients further investigation is needed to prove the statistical significance of this statement.